Cart plus crane plus hammer

Model description:

The Euler-Lagrange equations of motion of the system are given as follows

$$\begin{pmatrix} (M+m) & mL\cos{q_1} & 0\\ mL\cos{q_1} & mL^2+\Theta & \dfrac{\Theta}{2}\\ 0 & \dfrac{\Theta}{2} & \Theta \end{pmatrix} \begin{pmatrix} \ddot{x}\\ \ddot{q_1}\\ \ddot{q_2} \end{pmatrix} + \begin{pmatrix} -mL\sin{q_1\dot{q_1}^2}\\ -mLg_g\sin{q_1}\\ 0 \end{pmatrix} = \begin{pmatrix} Q_x\\ Q_1\\ Q_2 \end{pmatrix},$$

where $Q_x (N)$ is the generalized force pushing the cart in the horizontal “$x$” direction, $Q_1$ and $Q_2$ are torques in $(N · m)$ rotating the beam of the crane around a horizontal axis orthogonal to “$x$” and counter-rotating the hamper at the free end of the beam to avoid turning out the worker from the hamper. $L (m)$ denotes the lenght of the crane’s beam, $g_g$ ($m/s^2$) is the gravitational acceleration, $m$ ($kg$) and $\Theta$ $(kg · m^2)$ denote the momentum (with respect to its own center of mass that was supposed to be on the rotational axle) and the mass of the hamper.

Publication details:

 Title Analysis of the Fixed Point Transformation Based Adapive Robot Control Publication Type Conference Paper Year of Publication 2008 Authors Tar, J.K., and Rudas I.J. Conference Name International Conference on Intelligent Engineering Systems, 2008. INES 2008. Date Published 02/2008 Publisher IEEE Conference Location Miami, FL ISBN Number 978-1-4244-2082-7 Accession Number 9965899 Keywords adaptive control, asymptotic stability, initial value problems, iterative methods, MIMO systems, nonlinear control systems, robots, singular value decomposition Abstract In this paper the properties of a novel adaptive nonlinear control recently developed at Budapest Tech for "Multiple Input-Multiple Output (MIMO) Systems" is compared with that of the sophisticated "Adaptive Control by Slotine & Li" widely used in robot control literature. While this latter traditional method utilizes very subtle details of the structurally and formally exact analytical model of the robot in each step of the control cycle in which only the exact values of the parameters are unknown, the novel approach is based on simple geometric considerations concerning the method of the "Singular Value Decomposition (SVD)". Furthermore, while the proof of the asymptotic stability and convergence to an exact trajectory tracking of Slotine's & Li's control is based on "Lyapunov's 2nd Method", in the new approach the control task is formulated as a Fixed Point Problem for the solution of which a Contractive Mapping is created that generates an Iterative Cauchy Sequence. Consequently it converges to the fixed point that is the solution of the control task. Besides the use of very subtle analytical details the main drawback of the Slotine & Li method is that it assumes that the generalized forces acting on the controlled system are exactly known and are equal with that exerted by the controlled drives. So unknown external perturbations can disturb the operation of this sophisticated method. In contrast to that, in the novel method the computationally relatively costly SVD operation on the formally almost exact model need not to be done within each control cycle: it has to be done only one times before the control action is initiated. In the control cycle the inertia matrix is modeled only by a simple scalar. In a more general case the SVD of some approximate model can be done only in a few typical points of the state space of a Classical Mechanical System. To illustrate the usability of the proposed method adaptive control of a Classical M- echanical paradigm, a cart plus crane plus hamper system is considered and discussed by the use of simulation results. DOI 10.1109/INES.2008.4481264